Amalgam

Bonded amalgam is used in dentistry. Dental amalgam does not by itself connect to a tooth. This was identified as an inadequacy by early practitioners such as Baldwin. He suggested that the fissure be covered with zinc phosphate cement just prior to dental filling with amalgam.

The procedure did not become commonly accepted and finally fell into disuse. Most amalgam restorations administered were done with no adhesives, although in the 1970s a polycarboxylate-based adhesive liner was devised exclusively for this purpose.

In dentistry, amalgam is an alloy of mercury with a variety of metals used for dental fillings. It generally consists of mercury 50%, silver ~22-32%, tin ~14%, and copper ~ 8% and other trace metals.

Dental amalgams were initially reported in the Tang Dynasty medical text written by Su Kung in 659 and appear in Germany in 1528. In the 1800s, amalgam became the dental restorative material of choice due to its low down cost, ease of application, force and stability.

The make use of of dental amalgam has diminished over the years as additional aesthetic composite material white fillings although amalgam is still recommended suggested as the strongest material for substantial cavities.

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